Now the Ministry of State Owned Corporation instructed to intensify the fruit production, especially the tropical fruits or horticulture. This country has so vast erable land which is suitable for this purposes, but it is only planted with less economic crops. So, to decrese the imported fruits which become the burden of financial of the state. The establisment of horticulture plantation is to begin by this instruction. The history of fruit cultivation has been going on so long. . This means that at that time and probably past the fruit trees have been cultivated on the island of Java. However, the long history of cultivation of fruits in Indonesia does not guarantee fruit production systems currently can supply fruits with high quality. There are several models of production systems fruit growing in Indonesia at the moment.
-Intercropping System. This systen is to manage of fruit trees with other plants. In this system among the fruit trees are planted, they planted crops. An example is in Indramayu mango grown in the fields, so that among the mango crop is planted with rice. In the mango grove in some areas also intercropped with other crops such as peanuts, chilies and tomatoes when the plants are young mango.
- Fruit Plantation System. The system is managed by agribusiness companies. Fruit crops cultivated in monoculture with a widespread and intensive management. The system produces high-quality fruit and garden seragam.Produktivitas also high. The fruit produced by this system include: pineapple, banana, mango, orange, passion fruit.
- System Yard. In this system, fruit trees planted a few trees along with other plants. Due to the relatively narrow yard wide and a great variety of plants in the garden, then each species grown only slightly. But because the total area of the yard in Indonesia is quite large, the total production of fruits that come from the yard too high. In the yard, fruit trees are usually not reliable as a primary source of income. Therefore, it is often cultivated fruit crops cultivated minimal.Pohon management often old and came from a seedling or transplant. Dipekarangan young trees planted after the era of the 60's, many of them derived from the seeds of connection or patch (grafting) .Buah fruits are usually cultivated in the garden include mango, rambutan, banana, pineapple, jackfruit, guava, guava, star fruit, papaya and durian.
- Agroforestry Systems. In this system, fruit trees planted in the 'garden', is dry land outside the village together with trees and other plants. In this system there are usually one or two dominant species. This system is quite widely grown in Sumatra and Kalimantan, as well as in villages in Java, which is far from the city. Plants grown fruit is usually derived from the seeds (seedlings) and old age. Therefore, the resulting fruit has a high diversity. Crop production system is also managed at least, and some have only harvested without significant management, so that the quality of the fruit produced is usually low. Fruit crops are cultivated with this system include, among others, mangosteen, Duku, durian, rambutan, longan.
-Small-scale monoculture system. In this system the fruits cultivated in intensive orchards, with good management. Because the quality of the fruit produced is usually pretty good and the high productivity of the garden. Fruit trees were planted derived from the vegetative propagation, so that the fruit is relatively uniform. Fruits are cultivated among others, include papaya, banana, pineapple, grapefruit, starfruit, soursop, guava, mango, rambutan and apples
.
- Openness Production of Seasonal Fruits. In this system of seasonal fruits cultivated crops such as watermelon and cantaloupe. Usually intensive crop management, the use of commercial seed. The production system is usually high produkstivitasnya and fruit quality produced is good enough.
-Intensive Production Systems. This system was developed to commercialize the fruits that come from temperate regions such as melon, strawberries, grapes.
In the yard and agroforestry production systems, quality assurance systems difficult to implement. In fact, the production system is the largest supplier of fruits in Indonesia. Therefore, the development of fruit production systems in the future should lead to a modern production system. In a system of small-scale monoculture or intercropping, application of quality management requires the presence of clustering, while in the large plantations of fruit quality management based on HACCP can be applied.
0 komentar:
Post a Comment